By Rai Mahmood Akhtar
Arabic word (jinn) جَنَّ basically means to hide Raghib says : to hide something from one's prospective.
Quran 6:76 فَلَمَّا جَنَّ عَلَيْهِ ٱلَّيْلُ رَءَا كَوْكَبًا Trans: When the darkness of night hide it, he saw a star. Not only among the Arabs but also among other nations during superstitious era. It was well considered thought that the "force" which remain out of sense data unless go through some means comprehend able by our sensory tools remain hidden from human beings. Such hidden forces which can not felt or comprehend and unable to see through naked eye develop perplexity in human mind attain the stature of gods and goddesses. These forces being oblivious to human eye were called جَنَّ(Jinn) in Arabia.
Raghib says that the word (al jinn) is used among Arabs in two ways for the hidden forces " Negative and Positives " while (al-jinn) taken as a positive force call " farishtas" (Angels) (on the authority of the most of classical commentators) and when taken as negative or bad known as shayateen (Devils){ T, R }
Thus both type (good and bad ) of forces are called (al jinn) as such at several places in Quran where worship by Arabs in the dark era is mentioned, the word ٱلْجِنَّةِ (aljinna) indeed angels, as in 37: 158
{ T,R }
وَجَعَلُوا۟ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ ٱلْجِنَّةِ نَسَبًا وَلَقَدْ عَلِمَتِ ٱلْجِنَّةُ إِنَّهُمْ لَمُحْضَرُونَ trans: And some people have invented a kinship between Him and all manner of invisible forces although [even] these invisible forces know well that, verily, they [who thus blaspheme against Allah] shall indeed be arraigned [before Him on Judgment Day.]
Exposition:These people also establishes a kinship between Him and all the invisible heavenly forces. (Sometimes they consider lightning from heaven as a deity and God's wife, sometimes watching the clouds as a deity, and attribute it to God, and sometimes considers the angels as his daughters) But all these forces know for certain that they are arraigned before him to perform his command, and that they remain bound within His Laws.
Exposition:These people also establishes a kinship between Him and all the invisible heavenly forces. (Sometimes they consider lightning from heaven as a deity and God's wife, sometimes watching the clouds as a deity, and attribute it to God, and sometimes considers the angels as his daughters) But all these forces know for certain that they are arraigned before him to perform his command, and that they remain bound within His Laws.
It is some time argued that Jinns were created before human and existed in the universe quoting 15: 27. Please let us reflect a little deeper to find truth.
it is scientifically proven fact that our earth was big ball of fire initially and it took millions of years to cool down and become habitable. 15:26 This truth has been told before, the story of Adam (2:30). Creation of humanity began with a life-cell produced by a combination of water and clay molded out of bleak loam. 15:27 Before the earth was populated by mankind, there existed another kind called " Jinn "(since extinct) that had the capacity to withstand intense heat as if they were created by steaming fire.
Here a question rise up in our minds that the particular
specie why extinct after the creation of Adam? Answer is simple and logical
that earth become habitable for Adam now where that specie, created by steaming
fire, could not survive because of the environmental change on earth.
Let us go to a little further so that it can be further
explained through Quran 2:30 where Allah inform “Malika” that He (swt) is going
to create another creation on earth by replacing the previous one. The word “jaAAilun
fee al-ardi khaleefatan” here this word expose
the truth; root word for this is KH-L-F (khalf) and
it means “After” Ibn Burri says
it means that the word means “replacement” Ibn Faris says
the meanings of this root as: “For something to come after another and replace
it”. This discussion logically prove that Adam replaced the previous specie”
made of steaming fire” and that does not exist any more rather can not exist.
33:72 we have offered the trust to the heavens and the earth, and the mountains, but they refused to bear it, and were fearful of it. But the human being indulge in misappropriation; he was transgressing, ignorant.
The word belong to trilateral root A-M-N ( Alif-Meem-Noon). According to Ibn-Faris it means:
Many of the classical commentators presented very extensive explanation of the term amanah (trust) but lan’s I, 102, with reference to the above verse) are "reason", or "intellect", and "the faculty of volition" - i.e., the ability to choose between two or more possible courses of action or modes of behavior, and thus between good and evil. It seems more convincing.
While our subject matter is “Jinn” therefore, our discussion may confine to it. Allah very kindly inform us in 56: 16 I did not create the Jinn and mankind except to serve Me.
Kindly note that whole universe serving will /cause of Allah while have no free will of their own. While keeping this in mind we need to understand the Word “Ibaddat” normally translated erroneously as “worship” which may expose some important assertion regarding this verse.
It is logical to accept that only Human accepted the “trust” offered none else from the creation including Jinn (if we consider them different creation than " Jinn should be included in the rest of the universe which is govern by natural laws operating there in. Basic principle of Deen " There is no compulsion" firmly strictly applied here) but Allah says, we have created Jinn and human so that they serve me only. Believing that there is no contradiction in Quran; we are bound to accept Jinn and humans both bear the same responsibility to guard the Trust of Allah. In other words human and Jinn are same if so than the question arise as why Allah mentioned Human and Jinn separately. The answer of this question have its place in Arab culture. Let us examine that by defining two word “Ins” and “Jinn”.
Ins
Remember that the purpose of the creation of man, whether civilized urbanites or uncivilized nomads in the desert, will be fulfilled if they develop their potential abilities by following divine law (and then devote to establish the universal social order for the care of all mankind).
The word Al-Jinn or Al-Jann used in Quran for:
Al-Jann
15:26-27 Already exposed above.
55:15 And the Jinns: He has created out of smokeless fire.
Exposition:Furthermore, before mankind inhabited earth, there lived on it a species which could sustain the extremely high temperature that was prevalent at that time. Then only that type of creation could exist. That creation has ceased to exist now and has been replaced by human beings (15:26-27.)
2:34, 7:11, 15:31, 15:32, 17:61, 18:50, 20:116, 26:95, 34:20, 38:74, 38:75,
2:34
Shabbir Ahmed (Quran As It Explains Itself)
And when We said to the angels, “Humble yourselves and be subservient to Adam-mankind, they instantly complied humbling themselves. But Iblees (Satan) refused through self-glorification, and so became a reject-er of the Divine Command.
Exposition
Hearing this, the Malaika bowed before man but Iblees did not do so and chose to be defiant and thus became one of those who deny the truth.
7:12
Shabbir Ahmed (Quran As It Explains Itself)
Allah said, “What stopped you from being subservient when I ordered you?” Iblees responded, "I am better than he. You created me from fire, and created him from clay.
Exposition
Allah said to Iblees: “What prevented you from bowing to Adam when We had asked you to do so?”. He replied: “I am superior to him. You have created me of fire and him of mere clay.
As Shaitan
2:36, 2:168, 2:208, 2:268, 2:275, 3:36, 3:155, 3:175, 4:38, 4:60, 4:76, 4:83, 4:117, 4:119, 4:120, 5:90, 5:91, 6:43, 6:68, 6:71, 6:142, 7:20, 7:22, 7:27, 7:175, 7:200, 7:201, 8:11, 8:48, 12:5, 12:42, 12:100, 14:22, 15:17, 16:63, 16:98, 17:27, 17:53, 17:64, 18:63, 19:44, 19:45, 19:68, 19:83, 20:120, 22:3, 22:52, 22:53, 22:54, 24:21, 25:29, 27:24, 28:15, 29:38, 31:21, 35:6, 35:8, 36:60, 36:62, 37:7, 37:65, 38:41, 41:36, 43:62, 47:25, 58:10, 58:19, 59:16, 81:25.
7:27
Shabbir Ahmed (Quran As It Explains Itself)
O Children of Adam! Let not your selfish desires deceive you as it deceived your ancestors, caused them to lose their Paradise, and exposed their imperfections. A host of selfish and rebellious desires lurk within you. You can't even see them but these Satans see you and befriend those who do not believe.
Exposition
O mankind! beware that Shait’an does not lead you astray as he did your ancestors exposing their “private parts” to them. Shait’an and his companions watch you from where you cannot see them. They become the friends of those who do not believe in Allah’s laws.
25:29
Shabbir Ahmed (Quran As It Explains Itself)
"Indeed he led me away from the Reminder after it had come to me. Ah, the Satan is but a traitor to the human being.”
Exposition
It is he who led me astray, although the straight path had become so visibly clear to me. The fact is that the Shaitan (like all those who maintain their relationships for selfish ends) goes along with you like a very sincere friend, but when misfortune comes he deserts his companion, leaving him like a lamb separated from the herd.
30:60
Shabbir Ahmed (Quran As It Explains Itself)
Did I not warn you O Children of Adam! That you shall not worship Satan since it is an open enemy to you.
Exposition
The criminals will be questioned, "Did I not send you directives not to follow the rebellious powers and selfish instincts, as these are your open enemies which can estrange one brother from the other?
2:275
Shabbir Ahmed (Quran As It Explains Itself
On the contrary, those who eat Riba (usury), in greed of money, run around like someone who has been bitten by a snake. They claim that trade is like usury. But God has permitted trade and forbidden usury. One to whom the clear Admonition has come from his Lord, must abstain from taking usury forthwith. What he has taken in the past, he may keep and his judgment rests with God. As for him who returns to usury, such are the dwellers of the fire wherein they shall abide.
Exposition
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Our intellectual appetite still not yet over unless we conceive the idea of Shaitan and Ablees. According to my understanding these two may be divided in two state of human mind where our revolting emotions, greed, fear and hope overwhelmed us and burn our central mind. Shaitan is a physical being can be conceived by our senses but his Shaitanat remain invisible leave very strong effect on human personality “self” if not yet developed, it’s after effect manifest in the shape of Iblisiat in us.
Let us examine this in the light of Quran and “Arabic Lexicons”
Shaitan:
Root is SHN-Te -N ( Shatan) means strong, long rope.
Beirun Shatun = A deep well
Shateen or Shaatin= anything that is very far.
{Ar-Rumani} says (Shaat) or (shatan ) means to be distanced, and are the same meanings { Al- Fazul Mutradifa} { Ibn Faris} agreed that it means to be distanced
(ru-oosush-shaiteen)= A head snake (Cobra)
The word "Shaitan" has been derived from it which means:
There are several verses which can be quoted by Quran but our purpose of study is “what is Shaitan”. Let us understand through the most relevant verses of Quran.
114:4 Min sharri alwaswasi alkhannasi,
114:5 Allathee yuwaswisu fee sudoori alnnasi,
114:6 Mina aljinnati waalnnasi.
Above verses are exposed as: By strictly adhering to the Divine Laws, we have to be extremely cautious of the people who come stealthily to whisper into peoples’ ears and then withdraw, thus creating doubts in their minds and weakening their firm resolve. All this is done by people who are known and familiar to you as well as by strangers; as well as through intangible forces (which operate through imperceptible psychological propaganda).
Did Jinn Accept
the Trust of Allah Offered?
33:72 we have offered the trust to the heavens and the earth, and the mountains, but they refused to bear it, and were fearful of it. But the human being indulge in misappropriation; he was transgressing, ignorant.
It is notable that Allah offered “trust” to human and to all
other creation in the heaven and the earth where Jinn were included but all of
them refuse to accept this burden of trust offered. Human(including Civilized and Uncivilized) accepted this “trust” 33:72 out of his ignorance or due to having
overconfidence upon his mental capabilities and potentialities, obviously such attitude
amount to pride, arrogance and egotism which culminate transgression and wrong
doing. Therefore, it is said that human invite for himself “Khasara” loss out
of this bad bargain. But Al-rehman, Al-raheem All knowing, All wise out of His
Marcy did not leave human alone in the state of loss and provide him guidance,
shown two ways distinctively, (Right and Wrong) and guide human that where each
of them (ways) are ultimately destined for.
Before moving ahead in this discussion, let us understand
the world “al-amanataAAala” (Trust) offered by Allah:
The word belong to trilateral root A-M-N ( Alif-Meem-Noon). According to Ibn-Faris it means:
• The
opposite of being dishonest for breaking someone’s trust.
• Peace and
safety
• To
verify.
( l-amānata ……….. N- Accusative feminine noun means =Trust)
Many of the classical commentators presented very extensive explanation of the term amanah (trust) but lan’s I, 102, with reference to the above verse) are "reason", or "intellect", and "the faculty of volition" - i.e., the ability to choose between two or more possible courses of action or modes of behavior, and thus between good and evil. It seems more convincing.
While our subject matter is “Jinn” therefore, our discussion may confine to it. Allah very kindly inform us in 56: 16 I did not create the Jinn and mankind except to serve Me.
Kindly note that whole universe serving will /cause of Allah while have no free will of their own. While keeping this in mind we need to understand the Word “Ibaddat” normally translated erroneously as “worship” which may expose some important assertion regarding this verse.
It is logical to accept that only Human accepted the “trust” offered none else from the creation including Jinn (if we consider them different creation than " Jinn should be included in the rest of the universe which is govern by natural laws operating there in. Basic principle of Deen " There is no compulsion" firmly strictly applied here) but Allah says, we have created Jinn and human so that they serve me only. Believing that there is no contradiction in Quran; we are bound to accept Jinn and humans both bear the same responsibility to guard the Trust of Allah. In other words human and Jinn are same if so than the question arise as why Allah mentioned Human and Jinn separately. The answer of this question have its place in Arab culture. Let us examine that by defining two word “Ins” and “Jinn”.
Ins
Arabic root for this is A-N-S which means: to be familiar
with each other. It’s the reason “Ins” is used for well familiar man/women,
plural of it is “insiun” an-nas” said to be that tribe which is settled somewhere
and well recognized. {Taj} {Lisan-ul- Arab}
Keeping in view this definition, please compare it to above
mentioned definition of Jinn (not frequently seen gypsies tribes move from one
place to another---so not familiars /recognized in other words we can call them
strangers to an-nas. Ibn Faris beautifully explains that the basic meanings of
“Ins” is to be evident as against “Jinn” which means to be non- evident.
Thus, here we logically concluded that Allah in 56:16
addressed both the civilized (an-nas) and uncivilized=Jinn=nomad both are the humans to serve
him.
Exposition of 51:16 is as under:
Exposition of 51:16 is as under:
Remember that the purpose of the creation of man, whether civilized urbanites or uncivilized nomads in the desert, will be fulfilled if they develop their potential abilities by following divine law (and then devote to establish the universal social order for the care of all mankind).
Here is a comment from
eminent scholar Dr Shabbir Ahmed” Jinn = Nomads. Ins = Urbanites. Ibadah is
usually translated as worship but in that sense it applies better to
idol-worship. And since the Qur’an consistently promotes action over ritual, Ibadah
means obeying Allah by serving His creation. The term ‘Jinn’ is often
misunderstood. It is supposed that they are unseen fiery creatures that live on
earth and in the atmosphere and that they can possess people. The Qur’an does
not condone the existence of any such thing as ‘demons’. There is no such thing
as ghoul, demons, Dracula, vampires, fairies, witches and wizards etc. All such
things fall into the domain of superstition.
The word Al-Jinn or Al-Jann used in Quran for:
Al-Jann
15:26-27 Already exposed above.
55:15 And the Jinns: He has created out of smokeless fire.
Exposition:Furthermore, before mankind inhabited earth, there lived on it a species which could sustain the extremely high temperature that was prevalent at that time. Then only that type of creation could exist. That creation has ceased to exist now and has been replaced by human beings (15:26-27.)
Al-Jinn
6:100, 6:112, 6:128, 6:130, 7:38, 7:179, 11:119, 17:88, 18:50, 27:17, 27:39, 32:13, 34:12,
34:14, 34:41, 37:158, 41:25, 41:29, 46:18, 46:29, 51:56, 55:13, 55:15, 55:16, 55:31, 55:33, 55:39, 55:46, 55:56, 55:62, 55:74, 72:1, 72:5, 72:6, 114:6
7:179
Shabbir Ahmed (Quran As It Explains Itself)
we have committed to Hell numerous people, rural and urban (they are living a life of hell). They have hearts that they use not to understand. They have eyes with which they see not, and they have ears with which they hear not. They are like cattle. Nay, they are further astray. They, they are the ones who let the life pass by unaware of its potentials.
Exposition:
You will see many among both the Jinn and Ins (Civilized and Uncivilized [strangers to civilized]) who are destined for Jahannam for they have been given the faculties of thinking, seeing and hearing but they do not utilize them (to grasp the truth). They are just like brutes - and indeed worse than them. They do not remain heedful of the laws of Allah. These are the people whose abode will be Jahannam (7/198, 10/42-43, 47/16, 67/10).
7:38
Shabbir Ahmed (Quran As It Explains Itself)
God will command them to join the previous uncivilized and civilized communities into the fire. Every later group will blame the earlier one, "Our Lord! These are the ones who misled us; double their punishment.” He will say, “Doubled for all”: but this you do not know.
Exposition:
Further exposed as: Allah will say to them “You should join the batches of Jinn and Ins who have preceded you in hell.” Different batches will enter hell one after the other. When a new batch enters, it curses the one immediately preceding it. When they are all gathered, the last one pointing to the one preceding it, will say “O Our Rabb, these are the people who had misled us; give them double chastisement.” Allah will say: “All of you will have double chastisement - one for following the wrong path and the other for misleading others (16/25). You do not realize all this.
Note: Dr. Shabbir Ahmed
Jinn pertains to something hidden, rarely seen, therefore, after using Tasreef, Al-Jinn = The nomads. Jannah from the same root word means a garden hidden in foliage. When the Jinns or the nomads move to dwell in towns and become civilized, they are referred to as Ins = Urbanites. Among the verses referred to above, Jinn, at times, denotes the hidden evil prompting that goes on in the human mind. 'Emotions being fiery' stands up to reason. Verse 21:37 convincingly shows what the ‘creation of Jinn out of fire’ actually means. Whereas the clear understanding is: Man has been created with. Such is the case in 21:37 with Khulaq-al-jaanna mim-maarij-im-min naar - Breaking the sentence for clarity: Khulaq-al-jaanna min marijin min naar. He has given a fiery, emotional disposition to uncivilized human beings.
6:100, 6:112, 6:128, 6:130, 7:38, 7:179, 11:119, 17:88, 18:50, 27:17, 27:39, 32:13, 34:12,
34:14, 34:41, 37:158, 41:25, 41:29, 46:18, 46:29, 51:56, 55:13, 55:15, 55:16, 55:31, 55:33, 55:39, 55:46, 55:56, 55:62, 55:74, 72:1, 72:5, 72:6, 114:6
7:179
Shabbir Ahmed (Quran As It Explains Itself)
we have committed to Hell numerous people, rural and urban (they are living a life of hell). They have hearts that they use not to understand. They have eyes with which they see not, and they have ears with which they hear not. They are like cattle. Nay, they are further astray. They, they are the ones who let the life pass by unaware of its potentials.
Exposition:
You will see many among both the Jinn and Ins (Civilized and Uncivilized [strangers to civilized]) who are destined for Jahannam for they have been given the faculties of thinking, seeing and hearing but they do not utilize them (to grasp the truth). They are just like brutes - and indeed worse than them. They do not remain heedful of the laws of Allah. These are the people whose abode will be Jahannam (7/198, 10/42-43, 47/16, 67/10).
7:38
Shabbir Ahmed (Quran As It Explains Itself)
God will command them to join the previous uncivilized and civilized communities into the fire. Every later group will blame the earlier one, "Our Lord! These are the ones who misled us; double their punishment.” He will say, “Doubled for all”: but this you do not know.
Exposition:
Further exposed as: Allah will say to them “You should join the batches of Jinn and Ins who have preceded you in hell.” Different batches will enter hell one after the other. When a new batch enters, it curses the one immediately preceding it. When they are all gathered, the last one pointing to the one preceding it, will say “O Our Rabb, these are the people who had misled us; give them double chastisement.” Allah will say: “All of you will have double chastisement - one for following the wrong path and the other for misleading others (16/25). You do not realize all this.
Note: Dr. Shabbir Ahmed
Jinn pertains to something hidden, rarely seen, therefore, after using Tasreef, Al-Jinn = The nomads. Jannah from the same root word means a garden hidden in foliage. When the Jinns or the nomads move to dwell in towns and become civilized, they are referred to as Ins = Urbanites. Among the verses referred to above, Jinn, at times, denotes the hidden evil prompting that goes on in the human mind. 'Emotions being fiery' stands up to reason. Verse 21:37 convincingly shows what the ‘creation of Jinn out of fire’ actually means. Whereas the clear understanding is: Man has been created with. Such is the case in 21:37 with Khulaq-al-jaanna mim-maarij-im-min naar - Breaking the sentence for clarity: Khulaq-al-jaanna min marijin min naar. He has given a fiery, emotional disposition to uncivilized human beings.
As snake
20:20, 28:31, 26:32
20:20
Shabbir Ahmed (Quran As It Explains Itself)
He felt that the message given to him was vibrant with life.
Exposition:
From then onward Moses thought about his mission seriously and took stock of the whole situation. He realized that the task of presenting these laws before the people was not easy. He felt as if this gigantic task was like a fast moving python (26:32-33; 7:107-108; 28:32).
28:31
Shabbir Ahmed (Quran As It Explains Itself)
"Rehearse your supporting power of truth.” Moses felt as if the mission assigned to him was like holding a huge python, and he retreated hesitating. (God said), "O Moses! Draw near (to conviction), and fear not, you are secure from harm."
Exposition
(Then after giving various commandments and instructions to Moses, Allah directed him to present these before Pharaoh.) "These directives will always be a source of dependable strength for you, and the cause of unity among the people. When Moses assessed the mission before him and the directives, he felt as if it was a living python which he was ordered to handle. Moses was scared of facing Pharaoh and wanted to get out of this mission. Thereupon came the voice, 'Don't be afraid O Moses! Handle the mission with confidence. No harm will come to you.” (7:107-108; 20:17-24; 26:32-33; 27:10-12)
As Ablees
20:20, 28:31, 26:32
20:20
Shabbir Ahmed (Quran As It Explains Itself)
He felt that the message given to him was vibrant with life.
Exposition:
From then onward Moses thought about his mission seriously and took stock of the whole situation. He realized that the task of presenting these laws before the people was not easy. He felt as if this gigantic task was like a fast moving python (26:32-33; 7:107-108; 28:32).
28:31
Shabbir Ahmed (Quran As It Explains Itself)
"Rehearse your supporting power of truth.” Moses felt as if the mission assigned to him was like holding a huge python, and he retreated hesitating. (God said), "O Moses! Draw near (to conviction), and fear not, you are secure from harm."
Exposition
(Then after giving various commandments and instructions to Moses, Allah directed him to present these before Pharaoh.) "These directives will always be a source of dependable strength for you, and the cause of unity among the people. When Moses assessed the mission before him and the directives, he felt as if it was a living python which he was ordered to handle. Moses was scared of facing Pharaoh and wanted to get out of this mission. Thereupon came the voice, 'Don't be afraid O Moses! Handle the mission with confidence. No harm will come to you.” (7:107-108; 20:17-24; 26:32-33; 27:10-12)
As Ablees
2:34, 7:11, 15:31, 15:32, 17:61, 18:50, 20:116, 26:95, 34:20, 38:74, 38:75,
2:34
Shabbir Ahmed (Quran As It Explains Itself)
And when We said to the angels, “Humble yourselves and be subservient to Adam-mankind, they instantly complied humbling themselves. But Iblees (Satan) refused through self-glorification, and so became a reject-er of the Divine Command.
Exposition
Hearing this, the Malaika bowed before man but Iblees did not do so and chose to be defiant and thus became one of those who deny the truth.
7:12
Shabbir Ahmed (Quran As It Explains Itself)
Allah said, “What stopped you from being subservient when I ordered you?” Iblees responded, "I am better than he. You created me from fire, and created him from clay.
Exposition
Allah said to Iblees: “What prevented you from bowing to Adam when We had asked you to do so?”. He replied: “I am superior to him. You have created me of fire and him of mere clay.
As Shaitan
2:36, 2:168, 2:208, 2:268, 2:275, 3:36, 3:155, 3:175, 4:38, 4:60, 4:76, 4:83, 4:117, 4:119, 4:120, 5:90, 5:91, 6:43, 6:68, 6:71, 6:142, 7:20, 7:22, 7:27, 7:175, 7:200, 7:201, 8:11, 8:48, 12:5, 12:42, 12:100, 14:22, 15:17, 16:63, 16:98, 17:27, 17:53, 17:64, 18:63, 19:44, 19:45, 19:68, 19:83, 20:120, 22:3, 22:52, 22:53, 22:54, 24:21, 25:29, 27:24, 28:15, 29:38, 31:21, 35:6, 35:8, 36:60, 36:62, 37:7, 37:65, 38:41, 41:36, 43:62, 47:25, 58:10, 58:19, 59:16, 81:25.
7:27
Shabbir Ahmed (Quran As It Explains Itself)
O Children of Adam! Let not your selfish desires deceive you as it deceived your ancestors, caused them to lose their Paradise, and exposed their imperfections. A host of selfish and rebellious desires lurk within you. You can't even see them but these Satans see you and befriend those who do not believe.
Exposition
O mankind! beware that Shait’an does not lead you astray as he did your ancestors exposing their “private parts” to them. Shait’an and his companions watch you from where you cannot see them. They become the friends of those who do not believe in Allah’s laws.
25:29
Shabbir Ahmed (Quran As It Explains Itself)
"Indeed he led me away from the Reminder after it had come to me. Ah, the Satan is but a traitor to the human being.”
Exposition
It is he who led me astray, although the straight path had become so visibly clear to me. The fact is that the Shaitan (like all those who maintain their relationships for selfish ends) goes along with you like a very sincere friend, but when misfortune comes he deserts his companion, leaving him like a lamb separated from the herd.
30:60
Shabbir Ahmed (Quran As It Explains Itself)
Did I not warn you O Children of Adam! That you shall not worship Satan since it is an open enemy to you.
Exposition
The criminals will be questioned, "Did I not send you directives not to follow the rebellious powers and selfish instincts, as these are your open enemies which can estrange one brother from the other?
2:275
Shabbir Ahmed (Quran As It Explains Itself
On the contrary, those who eat Riba (usury), in greed of money, run around like someone who has been bitten by a snake. They claim that trade is like usury. But God has permitted trade and forbidden usury. One to whom the clear Admonition has come from his Lord, must abstain from taking usury forthwith. What he has taken in the past, he may keep and his judgment rests with God. As for him who returns to usury, such are the dwellers of the fire wherein they shall abide.
Exposition
On the one hand, there are people who go to the extent of curtailing their own needs to help others (59/9), on the other, there are those who exploit the needy. They give loans charging interest (Riba). This is due to lust for money which is an affliction with the touch of Shait’an.
Those who take Riba justify it by saying that it is a form of trade. Allah has declared trade to be lawful and Riba to be unlawful.
If anyone refrains from taking Riba after Allah’s Law has become known, he will not be held accountable for what he had had in the past, but if he reverts to the practice of taking Riba he will head towards the inferno of destruction to abide therein.
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Our intellectual appetite still not yet over unless we conceive the idea of Shaitan and Ablees. According to my understanding these two may be divided in two state of human mind where our revolting emotions, greed, fear and hope overwhelmed us and burn our central mind. Shaitan is a physical being can be conceived by our senses but his Shaitanat remain invisible leave very strong effect on human personality “self” if not yet developed, it’s after effect manifest in the shape of Iblisiat in us.
Let us examine this in the light of Quran and “Arabic Lexicons”
Shaitan:
Root is SHN-Te -N ( Shatan) means strong, long rope.
Beirun Shatun = A deep well
Shateen or Shaatin= anything that is very far.
{Ar-Rumani} says (Shaat) or (shatan ) means to be distanced, and are the same meanings { Al- Fazul Mutradifa} { Ibn Faris} agreed that it means to be distanced
(ru-oosush-shaiteen)= A head snake (Cobra)
The word "Shaitan" has been derived from it which means:
- To be foraway from the blessings of Allah, removed are deprived of life’s happiness
- One who give up the right path and adopts the wrong way by being rebellious.
- An ugly snake (say Cobra)
Kindly note in Hebrew
language (Shaitan) means one who obstruct.
There are several verses which can be quoted by Quran but our purpose of study is “what is Shaitan”. Let us understand through the most relevant verses of Quran.
114:4 Min sharri alwaswasi alkhannasi,
114:5 Allathee yuwaswisu fee sudoori alnnasi,
114:6 Mina aljinnati waalnnasi.
Above verses are exposed as: By strictly adhering to the Divine Laws, we have to be extremely cautious of the people who come stealthily to whisper into peoples’ ears and then withdraw, thus creating doubts in their minds and weakening their firm resolve. All this is done by people who are known and familiar to you as well as by strangers; as well as through intangible forces (which operate through imperceptible psychological propaganda).
This exposition bring forward (Shaitan) as tangible physical
being “ins” human who’s sneaky whispering (voice of human become as whisper in
one’s breast when he suggest his subject to develop reason for doubting the
straight and balance path of Allah and then moves away before the manifestation
of the result of such doubting; disappointment, despair,pessimism, despondency etc).
These effects are called Ibleesiat. it is important here to understand that " Shaitan and Ablees " are not two different entities but two faces of the same coin. Beware such effects manifest in “ Nafs-E- Amarra” ( "Human self" which is either in infancy or cannot be developed due to other factors, so it is not physical nor tangible. Is it not a fire which envelop the hearts?
These effects are called Ibleesiat. it is important here to understand that " Shaitan and Ablees " are not two different entities but two faces of the same coin. Beware such effects manifest in “ Nafs-E- Amarra” ( "Human self" which is either in infancy or cannot be developed due to other factors, so it is not physical nor tangible. Is it not a fire which envelop the hearts?
In order to sustain the Divine System, one has
to be very careful and cautious of these evil and destructive forces. The only
way to do so is to always remain fully conscious and obey the Laws of Allah.
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